[004 mimic #1 scientific] Amino acid metabolism_Hailey

Immunological Review

Control of immune response by amino acid metabolism

Ursula Grohmann, Vincenzo Bronte

The interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and their hosts is regulated by reciprocal survival strategies, including competition for essential nutrients. Though paradoxical, mammalian hosts have learned to take advantage of amino acid catabolism for controlling pathogen invasion and, at the same time, regulating their own immune responses. In this way, ancient catabolic enzymes have acquired novel functions and evolved into new structures with highly specialized functions, which go beyond the struggle for survival. In this review, we analyze the evidence supporting a critical role for the metabolism of various amino acids in regulating different steps of both innate and adaptive immunity.

First trial

The interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and their hosts is regulated by reciprocal survival strategies, including competing essential nutrient for survival. However, the vertebrate immune system has learned to take advantage of amino acid catabolism not only to eradicate pathogen, but also as a regulation mechanism for immune response. In this way, the ancient catabolic enzymes have taken new role that goes beyond the simple purpose for survival. In this review, we summarize various function of amino acid enzymes in each steps of both innate and adaptive immune response.

Second trial

The interaction between pathogenic microorganisms and their host is regulated by reciprocal survival strategies, including competition for essential nutrients. Though paradoxical, the mammalian hosts have learned to take advantage of amino acid cametabolism to help controlfor controlling pathogen invasion and, at the same time regulatingbut also regulate their own immune responses. In this way, ancient metabolic enzymes have acquired obtained new functions, and evolved into new functional structures with highly specialized functions, whichthat goes beyond the struggle for survival. In this review, we analyze the evidence supporting a critical role for metabolism of various for the functions of amino acids inenzymes regulating different steps of, in  both innate and adaptive immunity.